According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, the burden of proof is “the duty of proving a disputed assertion or charge.” It is not to be confused with the standard of proof, which determines “the level of certainty and the degree of evidence necessary to establish proof in a criminal or civil proceeding.” Even though both can […]
Twilight Issues in International Arbitration
What happens when the arbitration agreement, the lex arbitri, and the law out of which the cause of action arises are silent about the law applicable to issues that are considered to be neither substantive nor procedural? The short answer is that these issues would fall under the category of so-called “twilight issues” in international […]
The Duration of Arbitration
The duration of arbitration, in addition to its cost, is an important factor claimants take into account when determining whether to start arbitration proceedings in the first place, and respondents take into account when determining whether a matter should be resolved through negotiations. A supposedly shorter duration of arbitration proceedings is one of the commonly […]
Translations in International Arbitration
Translations play a crucial role in international arbitration. In a forum where multiple nationalities and languages are involved, the use of translations is common. However, many arbitration users, and lawyers, remain unaware of the challenges of legal translations. While linguistic challenges may increase time and costs, little attention is paid to the complexity of language […]
Expert Evidence in International Arbitration
Expert evidence is frequently used in international arbitration. Experts are normally appointed by parties to give their independent opinion on issues beyond the arbitral tribunal’s expertise, such as quantum, delays and “foreign” law, thereby assisting the arbitral tribunal in its decision-making process. Party-Appointed Experts vs. Tribunal-Appointed Experts In international arbitration, there are generally two main […]