Despite the common use of bifurcation in arbitration proceedings, there are many arguments against the bifurcation of most arbitral proceedings. Bifurcation refers to the separation of issues, typically dividing the proceedings into jurisdictional or procedural phases and the merits phase, or merits and quantum phases, allowing the arbitral tribunal to address and decide on specific […]
Free Transfer Principle in Investment Arbitration
Among the principles ensuring the protection of foreign investments, bilateral investment treaties (“BITs”) typically include the free transfer principle regarding the transfer of funds/returns of the investments into and out of the host State of investment. One of the primary objectives of BITs is to provide a stable and predictable legal framework that boosts the […]
UK Litigation Funding Agreements for International Arbitration Now Void?
Previously considered contrary to public policy[1], third-party funding today substantially facilitates access to justice. Many parties do not have the resources to pay for litigation or international arbitration, yet third-party funding has allowed numerous meritorious claims to succeed. Third-party funding is also often used in group litigation, where the pursuit of claims can be challenging […]
Annulment of Arbitral Awards Under the UNCITRAL Model Law
Arbitral awards are final and binding. In certain circumstances, however, they can be challenged or annulled through judicial proceedings. The annulment of arbitral awards (also known as “setting aside” or “vacatur”) refers to the legal process by which a court sets aside or nullifies an arbitration award that has been issued by an arbitral tribunal. […]
Pre-Arbitral Requirements
It is common to encounter pre-arbitral requirements in international arbitration agreements.[1] Compliance with these procedural requirements, included in multi-tiered dispute resolution clauses, is typically a prerequisite to the commencement of arbitration proceedings.[2] The underlying intent of these requirements is to ensure that parties in dispute make genuine efforts to amicably resolve their issues before resorting […]