On 20 May 2026, Indonesia issued Government Regulation No. 24/2026 (PP No. 24/2026) (unofficial English translation here) on the Governance of Exports of Strategic Natural Resource Commodities (“Regulation”), which entered into force on 1 June 2026.[1] Under the Regulation, Strategic Natural Resource Commodities may only be exported by a State-owned enterprise (“SOE”) appointed by the […]
International Arbitration in Indonesia
International arbitration in Indonesia is governed by Law No. 30 of 1999 regarding Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution (the “Arbitration Law”), which is not based on the UNCITRAL Model Law.[1] Indonesia ratified the New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (the “New York Convention”) in 1981[2], which facilitates the enforcement […]
Drafting an Arbitration Clause in 2021 – Recommendations
Many parties fail to realize that the wording of an arbitration clause is important for arbitration to function smoothly. In practice, one may observe, however, recurrent scenarios where arbitration clauses contain defective wording and, thus, are subject to unnecessary incidents and procedural debates. Such clauses are called “pathological clauses“. They are defined in Fouchard, Gaillard, […]
Arbitration Under the OIC Investment Agreement
Many investors are unaware of the existence of the Agreement for the Promotion, Protection and Guarantee of Investments among the Member States of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference (the “OIC Investment Agreement”) and its provisions regarding dispute settlement. The Organization of the Islamic Conference (the “OIC”; Arabic: منظمة التعاون الإسلامي; French: Organisation de la […]
Bias in International Arbitration
One of the most acclaimed aspects of international arbitration is its neutrality, but charges of bias in international arbitration are frequent. Arbitrators constituting an international tribunal must be independent and free from any bias. In case of doubt, any party can challenge the independence of an arbitrator after being appointed. Bias can be real, which […]